The Current State of Knowledge on Cardioplegic Solutions for Adult CPB Cases
Abstract
Background
Cardiac surgery is a complex procedure that requires temporary circulatory support during the process. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a technique used to provide this support. During CPB, blood is diverted from the heart and lungs to a machine that oxygenates it and pumps it back into the body. While this process occurs, the heart must be temporarily arrested to allow the surgeon to complete the surgery with a motionless field. Cardioplegia is a technique used to protect the heart during this period. It involves administering a solution that stops the heart's activity and protects it from injury.
Project Focus
There are different types of cardioplegia used during CPB, including microplegia, 4:1 cardioplegia, and Del Nido solution. Microplegia involves using a small amount of cardioplegia solution that is infused directly into the coronary arteries of the heart. 4:1 cardioplegia involves using a solution mixed with blood in a 4:1 ratio before being administered to the heart. Del Nido is a newer solution that has gained popularity due to its longer-lasting effects and potential benefits in complex cardiac procedures.
Method & Contribution to Cardiovascular Perfusion
This scoping review aims to identify and summarize the current literature on the different types of cardioplegia used on adults undergoing CPB. This review will provide an overview of the current state of knowledge in this area by examining the benefits and limitations of each type of cardioplegia. Additionally, this review will identify gaps in the current literature, which may guide future research in this field. Ultimately, the findings of this review may help cardiac surgeons and perfusionists select the most appropriate type of cardioplegia for their patients, which could lead to improved patient outcomes and reduced complications during cardiac surgery.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Angelina Wong, Anshu Sivakumar
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